Effective management of Microdochium patch with a fungicide programme

This article offers guidance for greenkeepers on using fungicides as part of their Microdochium patch disease management strategies.

Understanding Microdochium Patch

Microdochium patch disease is caused by the fungal pathogen Microdochium nivale and it can be extremely damaging, particularly in cool-season turfgrasses.

When does Microdochium patch occur?

It can occur at any time of the year, primarily driven by environmental conditions. Cool, wet conditions can lead to outbreaks, making it a year-round concern for turf managers in this region.

Microdochium nivale is adapted to develop in cool conditions and so the autumn and winter would be regarded as the high-risk period in the UK and Ireland.

An integrated approach

Effective disease management requires an integrated approach. This might involve the employment of cultural, biological, mechanical, and chemical practices.

These practices would be used in a cohesive way that is specifically tailored to reduce the development of the individual disease.

An integrated approach requires an understanding of the driving factors that favour the development of the disease. The aim of our integrated programme would be to create an environment that is less conducive to the development of the disease.

However, we must always appreciate that preventative fungicidal intervention might be required if the environmental drivers are constantly high.

What are the key ITM strategies?

Effective Integrated Turf Management (ITM) strategies for managing Microdochium patch involve several key practices.

The ongoing monitoring of environmental conditions (using the Syngenta Turf Advisor app for example) is essential to gauge the level of disease risk and guide the work required to reduce it.

Minimising leaf wetness is essential through physical removal of surface moisture or using surfactant-based dew dispersants where suitable.

Maintaining optimal nutrient levels is important, ensuring adequate growth with the right balance of nitrogen, iron, and potassium to enhance turf resilience and strengthen the sward against disease.

It is generally recommended to avoid using organic or nitrate sources of nitrogen during periods when disease risk is high.

What is the role of fungicides in disease management?

Fungicides play a pivotal role in controlling Microdochium patch by targeting and inhibiting fungal growth.

Despite challenges such as regulatory restrictions and resistance issues, ongoing advancements in fungicide technology have introduced more effective and environmentally sustainable options for greenkeepers.

Choosing the Right Fungicide

Greenkeepers must select fungicides based on their mode of action. “Systemic” fungicides are absorbed by plants and transported through the vascular system and can provide long-lasting protection.

“Contact” fungicides are applied directly to the turf surface and act as protective barriers against fungal spores.

Generally “systemic” fungicides are applied during periods of turf growth and “contact” fungicides are used when turf growth rate is low/dormant.

Some hybrid formulations contain both “systemic” and “contact” ingredients to provide protection from attack both inside and outside the plant for when growth is declining during the autumn.

It is important to understand the mode of action of different fungicidal options to ensure that they are used at the right time.

Specialist advice may be required to ensure an accurate understanding of individual fungicidal properties.

Sequencing of applications

The sustained period of high disease pressure that occurs through the autumn and winter in the UK and Ireland might require the use of multiple fungicide applications to prevent undue turf damage.

The frequency and sequencing of fungicidal programmes will depend on the level of disease risk and on growing conditions.

If growth is strong and disease pressure is high in the autumn then repeated applications of “systemic” fungicides may be needed every 2-3 weeks.

When growth slows down later on in the winter and the disease pressure declines then “contact” or hybrid formulations may be required at greater intervals.

Fungicide sequencing should also take into account the rotation of fungicide groups and not exceeding the permitted number of applications per year (BASIS/IASIS qualified turf advisors will be able to assist in this regard).

What are optimal application techniques?

To maximise fungicide efficacy and minimise environmental impact, adherence to best application practices is crucial.

Accurate calibration of sprayers ensures uniform distribution of fungicide application across the entire green surface.

Preventative application before disease outbreaks, typically during periods of high disease pressure is critical for effective control. Monitoring of disease risk is required to optimise application timings.

Conclusion

Effective management of Microdochium patch demands a proactive and integrated approach that combines fungicide treatments with cultural and environmental management strategies.

By adopting a well-planned fungicide programme within an ITM framework, golf course managers can mitigate disease risks and maintain optimal playing conditions throughout the year.

For further insights and personalised recommendations on fungicide selection and application, consult with your ICL local agronomy experts.

Together, we can ensure your greens remain healthy and resilient against turf diseases, delivering an exceptional golfing experience for players.