Identifying and managing Broad-leaved dock

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Scientific name: Rumex obtusifolius

Perennial plant (herb) in the Knotweed family (Polygonaceae)

Broad-leaved dock has a growth pattern characterized by the emergence of dense cover from a deep tap-root, which can overtake and dominate unmanaged sites. Identifying docks, specifically Rumex species, can be challenging due to their similarities.

Larger docks that grow from deep tap-roots and rhizomes pose particular difficulties in managing them within various amenity and agricultural settings. It is important to note that the UK and Ireland are home to numerous species, sub-species, and hybrids of both native and non-native docks.

How does Broad-leaved dock grow and spread?

• Reaches up to 1.2m tall in full growth.
• Limited direct rhizome (root) expansion, though vegetative (asexual, clonal) dispersal via fragments of root material created by human activities (e.g. agricultural practices) and natural disturbance processes (e.g. flooding) is common. Spreads sexually by seed – up to 60,000 seeds can be produced per year (two crops in larger plants). Seeds have small spines which allow attachment to animals (and people) assisting dispersal and are highly persistent.
• UK distribution may still be increasing.

Where does Broad-leaved dock grow?

Common habitats where Broad-leaved dock is found include:

• Waste ground
• Rivers and other watercourses (riparian habitats)
• Roadsides
• Railway embankments and cuttings
• Agricultural areas (pasture)
• Meadows
• Woodland (disturbed)